When you hear someone addressed as “Doctor,” you might naturally assume they’ve spent years conducting rigorous academic research or practicing medicine. But not all doctorates are the same. Two common titles are Honorary Doctorate and Earned PhD — and while both allow the holder to use the title “Doctor,” they’re fundamentally different in purpose, process, and prestige.
In this blog post, we’ll explore the key differences between an Honorary Doctorate and an Earned PhD, breaking down what they mean, how they’re awarded, and why it matters.
Table of Contents
What is an Honorary Doctorate?
An Honorary Doctorate is a symbolic academic degree awarded by a university to individuals in recognition of their significant contributions to a specific field, society, or humanity at large. These degrees are conferred without the recipient having to fulfill the usual academic requirements such as coursework, comprehensive exams, or a dissertation.
Honorary Doctorate Degrees are typically awarded during graduation ceremonies to distinguished individuals in areas like literature, science, business, philanthropy, or public service.\
Common Types of Honorary Doctorates:
- Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL or LHD)
- Doctor of Laws (LLD)
- Doctor of Science (DSc)
- Doctor of Fine Arts (DFA)
What is an Earned PhD?
An Earned PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) is the highest academic degree awarded by universities after a candidate has completed advanced coursework, original research, and a dissertation that contributes new knowledge to their field of study.
This process typically takes 3 to 7 years and involves:
- Intensive coursework
- Comprehensive examinations
- Research proposal development
- Original, publishable research
- A dissertation defense before an academic panel
An Earned PhD is a professional, accredited qualification that signifies expertise in a particular subject and often opens doors to academic, research, or high-level industry positions.
Key Differences Between Honorary Doctorate and Earned PhD
| Criteria | Honorary Doctorate | Earned PhD |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Recognition of contributions | Advanced academic and research degree |
| Process | No coursework, exams, or dissertation | Requires coursework, research, dissertation defense |
| Eligibility | Based on achievements and societal impact | Based on academic merit and research ability |
| Usage of ‘Doctor’ Title | Permissible but often honorary and ceremonial | Permissible in professional and academic settings |
| Awarded By | University honorary committee | University graduate program after evaluation |
| Time to Complete | Not applicable | 3–7 years typically |
Can You Call Yourself “Doctor” with an Honorary Doctorate?
Technically, recipients of an Honorary Doctorate may use the title “Doctor,” but it’s widely considered appropriate only in informal or ceremonial contexts. Academic and professional environments typically reserve the “Dr.” title for individuals with an Earned Doctorate.
Some universities and style guides suggest using “Doctor (Honoris Causa)” to clearly denote its honorary nature.
Why Do Universities Award Honorary Doctorates?
Honorary degrees serve to:
- Recognize outstanding achievements and contributions to society
- Inspire graduates and the university community
- Strengthen the institution’s connections with influential individuals and organizations
It’s a symbolic way for academic institutions to align themselves with thought leaders, innovators, and philanthropists.
Final Thoughts: Honorary Doctorate vs. Earned PhD
While both Honorary Doctorates and Earned PhDs carry the title “Doctor,” they represent vastly different journeys. An Earned PhD is a testament to academic discipline and original research, while an Honorary Doctorate acknowledges societal contributions without the academic prerequisites.
Both are prestigious in their own right, but understanding the distinction is important for proper context, professional etiquette, and academic integrity.
